Thread by @dr_chirumamilla

1/11
Today's #FiTSurvivalGuide for basic #EchoFirst views

Parasternal Long Axis:
Left lateral decubitus
3rd L intercostal space. Move⬆️or⬇️ to find window
👀descending aorta, coronary sinus, pericardium, LV, both leaflets of MV, LA, aortic valve & root, RV

2/11
RV Inflow View:
Medial angulation of scan plane

👀RA, Tricuspid valve, RV
Further angulate probe to remove portion of LV (seen in A, but not in B)

3/11
Parasternal short
👀annulus, 3 cusps of aortic valve (open in systole, close in diastole), coronary ostia (LM at 4 & RCA at 11), LA, IAS, RA, TV, RVOT, pulmonary valve, proximal pulmonary artery (slight superior angulation for R & L branches)

#FiTSurvivalGuide

Rotate transducer slightly & adjust tilt ▶️ LV appears circular ▶️ both MV leaflets at maximal excursion

Visualize LV at: apex, papillary muscles, mitral valve

5/11
Apical views

Apical 4 Chamber:
👀RA, TV, RV, LA, MV, LV & septa (IVS & IAS)
✔️TV septal leaflet insertion more apical than MV
✔️TV anterior leaflet is lateral
✔️Anterior MV is medial & Posterior leaflet is lateral

6/11
Obtain apical views via slight angulation and tilt of probe at same location.

Apical 5 Chamber:
5th "Chamber" is Aortic valve/LVOT

#FiTSurvivalGuide

7/11
Apical 2 Chamber or Right Anterior Oblique equivalent:
Rotate counterclockwise 60 degrees

Exclude RA & RV; only visualize 👀 LV, LA, MV
✔️Sometimes can visualize left atrial appendage

8/11
A3C or Apical Long Axis:
From A4C, rotate clockwise 60 degrees.
👀 MV and AV in same plane.
✔️Utility in detecting AV and subvalvular obstruction; HCM.
✔️May cause more endocardial dropout and poorer wall motion visualization.

#FiTSurvivalGuide

9/11
Subcostal 4 chamber; similar to apical view.
✔️Better endocardial definition
✔️Orientation of IAS and IVC ▶️ 👀septal defects; sinus venosus
✔️Assess RV free wall thickness & motion; pericardial tamponade ▶️ abnormal wall motion
✔️May foreshorten LV apex

10/11
Subcostal IVC; via modification of short-axis plane
👀 IVC dimensions; sniff
✔️Hepatic vein flow; pulsed Doppler, especially with respiratory variation.

#FiTSurvivalGuide

11/11
Suprasternal views: great vessels
Extend & rotate pt head
✔️Plane parallel to aortic arch; 👀ascending & descending aorta, origins of innominate, L Carotid, L Subclavian, R pulmonary artery
✔️90 degrees, perpendicular plane; 👀arch in short axis, L & R pulmonary artery

Here is the thread unrolled!

threadreaderapp.com/thread/1015216…

There is more #FITSurvivalGuide this month, especially with more #EchoFirst