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Christiaan Triebert Profile picture
@trbrtc
Aug 18, 2017 • 40 tweets • 24 min read Twitter logo Read on Twitter
On August 15, 2017, the @IntlCrimCourt issued the first ever arrest warrant entirely based on social media evidence. icc-cpi.int/CourtRecords/C…
The charges accuse Al-Werfalli (alleged Al-Saiqa Brigade commander) of mass executions in/near Benghazi, #Libya, during Operation Dignity.
Based on 7 incidents shown in 7 social media videos, Al-Werfalli is charged with murder as war crime under Art. 8(2)(c)(i) of Rome Statute.
The use of social media evidence is significant, @EIrvingNL writes → aligns ICC with realities of today’s conflicts. opiniojuris.org/2017/08/17/and…
Therefore, groups like @Bellingcat, which conduct weekly open source investigations, follow developments closely.
The @Syrian_Archive is even entirely devoted to preserving open source evidence of potential human rights violations syrianarchive.org
However, there are potential perils to the promise of open source evidence, such as verification and weight of the evidence, as @EIrvingNL.
In 'Open Source Evidence on Trial', @lawrightstech discusses challenges (and importance!) of open source evidence. yalelawjournal.org/forum/open-sou…
In many of today's conflicts, like Syria and Yemen, open source evidence is abound. Perpetrators (e.g. IS) often post material themselves.
The Werfalli case is only start of "long, and likely complex, relationship between open source evidence and international criminal justice."
.@Bellingcat is crowdsourcing the geolocation of the seven videos on which the ICC arrest warrant is based. bellingcat.com/news/mena/2017…
That was fast: Incident Four has been geolocated.
We have possible hints for the location of Incident Five: near Camp Thunderbolt. See @checkdesk for more: checkmedia.org/bellingcat/pro…
The location of the Incident Five execution has been found (indeed near Camp Thunderbolt).
Here are some visual clues for Incident One, likely to be an orchard somewhere in/near the Qawarishah suburb. checkmedia.org/bellingcat/pro…
Another visual clue is an electricity pylon. You can download a kmz-file of Benghazi's electricity network here: goo.gl/9qVrNH.
The execution site of Incident One has been geolocated too, by Bellingcat's @daniel_b_cat: 32.014444, 20.113928.
Werfalli was allegedly in Ajdabiya (أجدابيا), #Libya, last night, photos posted to social media appear to show.
Five individuals have allegedly been executed in Adjabiya, #Libya, while Werfalli — wanted by the ICC — was in town.
The alleged executions took place during daylight at a roundabout in the northwestern part of Adjabiya, #Libya.
While Werfalli is supposed to be in LNA custody, he appears to freely roam around in Adjabiya. Coverage @libyaherald archive.is/5UYWG
We've geolocated a fourth Werfalli execution site (Incident Seven) in Benghazi, #Libya. bellingcat.com/news/mena/2017…
A macabre detail: the blood stains of the executed individuals are visible on satellite imagery.
We geolocated another Werfalli execution site in Libya. Macabre detail: blood stains are visible on satellite image. bellingcat.com/news/mena/2017…
For the first time, Syrian military member has been convicted (in #Sweden) of a war crime (violating human dignity). nytimes.com/2017/10/03/wor…
In a video posted online on Tuesday evening, Mahmoud Werfalli, an alleged commander of the Saiqa Brigade who is wanted by the International Criminal Court for war crimes, announces that he will hand himself over to police following orders of Khalifa Haftar, the leader of the LNA.
Werfalli handing himself in is a big surprise: not even two weeks ago, he was seen in photo and video footage murdering ten individuals in Benghazi, Libya — seemingly not caring AT ALL about the ICC arrest warrant.
Supporters of Werfalli were reportedly protesting the ICC arrest warrant in the streets of Benghazi, #Libya, on Monday and Tuesday. (H/t @tomfeneux, .)
Now on Bellingcat: a simple open source survey of the recent developments regarding Werfalli (he has reportedly been released). “What Werfalli Did — Haftar’s Commander Continues Executions in Defiance of ICC Arrest Warrant” bellingcat.com/news/mena/2018…
Werfalli — wanted by the ICC — cuts a cake while his supporters reportedly threw a party to celebrate his release, a video published by @Lyobserver shows. Some claim that Werfalli was released following threats to Haftar from the "Makhadda" militia. H/t @ckoettl.
#WerfalliWatch.
"Werfalli’s relevance as a leader of the most powerful Salafi brigade under the LNA makes him an indispensable asset to Haftar", @erinaneale and @yousufeltagouri write in @ACmideast. #WerfalliWatch atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/menasour…
Interpol (@INTERPOL_HQ) has issued a red notice for Mr Werfalli on charges of 7 counts of murder as a war crime. #WerfalliWatch interpol.int/notice/search/…
#WerfalliWatch
#WerfalliWatch: LNA's Haftar threatens not to pay salaries to the Saiqa Brigade unless they hand over 150 fighters that objected his decision to to arrest Werfalli and sack Wanis Bu Khamada, @ALNABAA_EN claims. alnabaa.tv/en/news/view/1…
In a Facebook post, the LNA's Saiqa Brigade announced they have started their own radio show (facebook.com/permalink.php?…). This may hint towards mounting divisions within #Libya's Haftar-aligned forces, as @nkvest_22 suggests (). #WerfalliWatch
#WerfalliWatch: Uncertainty over the status of Mahmoud Werfalli, who is wanted by the International Criminal Court, has opened a rift between military leaders who detained him for questioning, and fighters who staged protests to force his release. reuters.com/article/us-lib…
#WerfalliWatch: Werfalli handed himself in on Feb. 6, 2 weeks after shooting 10 prisoners. He was released the same night, before returning to Rajma where he has stayed for the past weeks as military police investigate him, military sources tell @Reuters.
#WerfalliWatch: Werfalli was released on bail after the first part of the investigation. He would not be handed over to the ICC, LNA spokesperson Ahmed al-Mismari said, because of the “integrity and strictness” of the #Libya|n justice system. (Via @Reuters.)

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More from @trbrtc

Christiaan Triebert Profile picture
Oct 4, 2018
This may be the largest mass breach of an intelligence service in recent history. 305 individuals registered their car to the same address as Aleksei Morenets, one of the four accused GRU officers. Here's our latest with @the_ins_ru. bellingcat.com/news/2018/10/0…
Remember the dating profile () of GRU officer Morenets that a @Bellingcat workshop participant found this morning? @Peterkeizer geolocated (nos.nl/artikel/225338…) the profile pic. Guess what, taken 650m from the GRU barracks: google.com/maps/@55.72826….
And as @RuslanLeviev noted, it's right in front of the Russian Ministry of Defence's headquarters, too. google.com/maps/@55.72747…
Read 4 tweets
Christiaan Triebert Profile picture
May 2, 2018
Did CNN use the same little girl in three different refugee crisis pictures?

Answer: No, they didn't. This triptych simply captures one girl being passed around from a rescuer, caretaker, or family members in Aleppo, #Syria, in August 2016. (Thread).
A simple reverse image search will lead to the original pictures. This is what @Snopes did when they debunked this viral (and vile) image in December 2016. snopes.com/fact-check/cnn…
The first image depicts a White Helmets member carrying the girl along with several other children at the site of the alleged attack in Aleppo, #Syria, on 27 August 2016. The original photograph was cropped for the "CNN image".
Read 7 tweets
Christiaan Triebert Profile picture
Apr 19, 2018
Geolocation shows that this picture () of a Ferrari with licence plate "UNP" was indeed taken in #Lebanon. That licence plate was or is used by UN personnel in #Israel. Can @UN confirm or deny this car belongs to their staff?
I've reached out to @UN_Lebanon to clarify this issue.
It's not the first time a sports car with "UNP" licence plates is spotted in #Lebanon. @THE_47th noticed this Porsche "UNP 1900" in Beirut in September 2015.
Read 4 tweets
Christiaan Triebert Profile picture
Apr 14, 2018
This is NOT recent footage of the #SyriaStrikes, but recycled footage from May *2013* from an alleged Israeli airstrike on the Jamraya Research Center in Damascus.
This video is being shared countless of times as showing today's #SyriaStrikes in Damascus, but guess what? It's not — the footage shows shelling in the Ukrainian city of Luhansk in February 2015.
This video is being shared many times too, claiming to show today's #SyriaStrikes on the Jamraya Research Centre in Damascus. The footage does appear to show that location, but not in 2018 — this was broadcast in May 2013 after an alleged Israeli strike.
Read 13 tweets
Christiaan Triebert Profile picture
Jan 25, 2018
For years, Dutch intelligence had access to Russia's Cozy Bear hackers group. Crucial evidence for Russian interference in the U.S. elections was obtained, prompting a FBI investigation. That's what @Nieuwsuur and @volkskrant have found. volkskrant.nl/tech/dutch-age…
Cozy Bear's located in a university building near the Red Square. Dutch intel (AIVD) manage to gain access to a security camera. Faces of everyone who enters or exits are analysed for matches with known Russian spies. Info that will prove to be vital, @huibmodderkolk writes.
The Americans were completely taken by surprise by the Russian aggression, making it one of the reasons the Dutch access was so appreciated → the Americans sent ‘cake’ and ‘flowers’ (and knowledge, tech, and intel) to the AIVD, sources tell @huibmodderkolk.
Read 4 tweets
Christiaan Triebert Profile picture
Nov 6, 2017
Currently updating the layout of Bellingcat's digital forensics tools, and adding pros and cons of tools we use. docs.google.com/document/d/1Bf…
Always wondered how to download anyone's tweets, followers and likes into a single spreadsheet? There's an easy tool (and Chrome extension) for that: Twlets (@twlets, twlets.com). H/t @henkvaness.
In which timezone do Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, and Instagram show the upload time? Useful overview by @firstdraftnews on how to read time stamps on social media.
Read 30 tweets

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